The patient has to stay in the ICU for at least a night or two depending on the progress of his/her condition post surgery. IVs, monitors and bladder catheters are removed on the morning following the surgery. The patient is allowed to eat a normal breakfast and he/she can walk on the first day after the surgery.

5 days in hospital.

To remove a brain tumor, a neurosurgeon makes an opening in the skull. This operation is called a craniotomy. Whenever possible, the surgeon attempts to remove the entire tumor. If the tumor cannot be completely removed without damaging vital brain tissue, your doctor may remove as much of the tumor as possible.

It will take around three to five hours to do craniotomy, if you are undergoing regular craniotomy.

Your doctor will explain you about all these. You need to undergo blood test, diagnostic test and neurological examination before the surgery.

Skin incisions are usually made behind the hairline. A hair sparing technique is used, where only a 1/4-inch wide area along the proposed incision is shaved. The skin and muscles are lifted off the bone and folded back. Next, small burr holes are made in the skull with a drill. Similar to using a jigsaw, the surgeon cuts an outline of a bone window .The cut bone flap is lifted and removed to expose the protective covering of the brain and the bone flap is safely set aside and will be replaced at the end of the surgery. The dura is opened to expose the brain.  Varieties of  small instrument are used to work deep inside brain, after the problem has been removed or repaired, any retractors are removed, and the dura is closed with sutures. The bone flap is put back in its original position and secured to the skull with titanium plates and screws (Fig. 5). The plates and screws remain permanently to support the area. At last muscles and the skin are sutured back.

The patient should stop taking blood-thinning medications. He should also stop taking medicines like Clopidogrel, Plavix, and Warfarin.

It depends upon the osteopathy reports of the tumor sample.

Walking and taking personal care is allowed after a day of the craniotomy surgery. Strenuous activities like work-outs, lifting heavy weights and strong exertions should be avoided for at least four to six weeks.

There is no such restriction on the neck movement.

There is no such restriction on the neck movement.

The risk of rare and it has the potential to interfere with memory, speech, vision, muscle control, coordination an balance. Other potential risks that are specifically associated with brain surgery include coma, blood clots, hemorrhaging or swelling of the brain, stroke and seizures.

It depends on the occupation of the patient. Strenuous work is best avoided for longer periods until his/her physical strength is regained. Normally, patients are allowed to resume their work after two to four weeks post-surgery.

Craniotomy requires hospital stay of about three to seven days.  The stay in hospital depends on your condition.

Walking and taking personal care is allowed after a day of the craniotomy surgery. Strenuous activities like work-outs, lifting heavy weights and strong exertions should be avoided for at least four to six weeks.

It depends on the occupation of the patient. Strenuous work are best avoided for longer periods until his/her physical strength is regained. Normally, patients are allowed to resume their work after two to four weeks post surgery.

It will take around 4 to 8 weeks to recover from surgery, you will feel tired for several weeks after surgery, you may also have some headache and problems in concentrating. The cuts will be sore for about five days after surgery.

Some of the side effects of  Craniotomy are scars, injury in head region, facial nerve damage, infection of the bone flap or skin, seizures and brain swelling.

Craniotomy is done to treat various conditions such as brain tumors, traumatic brain injury, hemorrahage, aneursysms. Damaged tissue, abscesses, epilepsy and facial pain.

One is not allowed to eat or drink anything before a craniotomy surgery.

Craniotomy is the surgery to remove the part of bone from skull for exposing the brain, the bone flap is being temporarily removed and then replaced after brain surgery.

The patient has to stay in the ICU for at least a night or two depending on the progress of his/her condition post-surgery. IVs, monitors and bladder catheters are removed in the morning following the surgery.

The patient is allowed to eat a normal breakfast and he/she can walk on the first day after the surgery.

One is not allowed to eat or drink anything before a craniotomy surgery.

The patient should stop taking blood-thinning medications. He should also stop taking medicines like Clopidogrel, Plavix and Warfarin.

Yes, Craniotomy is a serious surgery, it involves temporary removal of bone from the skull to repair in the brain. The procedure has various risks which makes it a serious surgery.

To remove a brain tumor, a neurosurgeon makes an opening in the skull. This operation is called a craniotomy. Whenever possible, the surgeon attempts to remove the entire tumor.

If the tumor cannot be completely removed without damaging vital brain tissue, your doctor may remove as much of the tumor as possible.

5 days in the hospital.

The malignancy of the tumor can only be established post osteopathy of the tumor sample. IF it turns out to be cancerous, the additional treatment protocol may be advised.

Yes it is true, awake craniotomy is usually done in those patients who have lesions in critical areas. But with advances in imaging/ surgery and brain mapping it is not used these days. Of course in places where such equipment is not available, it can be done. It difficult in many patients because of patient has to understand and be mature enough to lie still for 4 hours or so It is slightly uncomfortable too

Craniotomy has got several risks such as bleeding and infection just like other type of brain cancer surgery.

The malignancy of the tumor can only be established post histopathy of the tumor sample. IF it turns out to be cancerous, additional treatment protocol may be advised.

Some of the risks of sterotactic radiosurgery includes skin problems which causes redness, swelling and blistering of skin, hair loss, difficulty in swallowing, nausea, vomiting and headaches.

The procedure may take less than an hour to about four hours, depending on the size and shape of the target.

The long- term result of the surgery depends on the condition which is being treated. Radiotherapy damages the DNA of the cells in the area which is being targeted.

In gamma knife radiosurgery aims at closing 200 beams of highly focused gamma radiation is used at target region.  Stereotactic radiosurgery is  being used for small to medium size brain tumor or the abnormalities of head and neck region.  In cyberknife technology linear accelerator machine uses high energy of x rays target the tumor.

The time duration of the surgery is around half an hour to four hour depending on the size and shape of the target organ.

You have to undergo imaging tests such as CT scans or MRI scan before the treatment. A contrast agent may be injected for understanding the size and location of the tumor. You should inform doctor about the medications which you are taking or if you have any device implanted such as pacemaker, implanted pump, stents or an artificial heart valve. Some of the precautions which you should follow before surgery are:

• Before midnight don’t eat anything
• Don’t wear makeup and use hair products and if you have eyeglasses remove it before treatment

Radiation therapy will generally cause hair loss to the body part that is being treated.

For example, if your arm were treated with radiation, you may lose any hair on your arm, but the hair on your head would not be affected.

In most of the cases patient can return back to their normal activities within one to two days after the surgery.

As you recover from the treatment you won't need to go so often. Your radiotherapy team will be in touch with you to tell them about your progress.

Follow up appointments give you the chance to discuss any problems or worries which may have come up.

Stereotactic radiosurgery may cause patchy hair loss or thinning of the hair where radiation is given, it result in patchy hair loss or thinning of the hair where radiation is being directed but the hair loss is temporary and it subsides with time.

Hair often begins to grow back during chemotherapy treatment. For radiation therapy, hair regrowth will not begin until several months after radiation treatment is completed.

Scalp hair usually grows about a half-inch each month and new growth may be slightly different in texture and color.

Radiation treatments can irritate the skin, causing small breaks that could allow bacteria and germs to enter. Radiation is more likely to weaken your immune system if it's directed at the bones, especially the bones in your pelvis, where the marrow functions as a blood cell factory.

Radiation therapy does not kill cancer cells right away. It takes days or weeks of treatment before cancer cells start to die. Then cancer cells keep dying for weeks or months after radiation therapy ends.

Some anti-cancer drugs can cause nerve damage. Rarely, radiotherapy may damage nerves in the treated area. This can cause symptoms such as numbness and weakness. These may develop months or years after treatment.

Radiation treatments can irritate the skin, causing small breaks that could allow bacteria and germs to enter.Radiation is more likely to weaken your immune system if it's directed at the bones, especially the bones in your pelvis, where the marrow functions as a blood cell factory.

Some of these side effects can happen because radiation has caused the brain to swell. These delayed effects can include serious problems such as memory loss, stroke-like symptoms and poor brain function.

Damage to healthy brain tissue is rare, this side effect can cause headaches and seizures temporarily.

After a radiographic, fluoroscopic, CT, ultrasound, or MRI exam, no radiation remains in your body.

Radiation therapy will generally cause hair loss to the body part that is being treated. For example, if your arm were treated with radiation, you may lose any hair on your arm, but the hair on your head would not be affected.

Stereotactic radiosurgery is a specific form of radiation therapy which is used for treating the abnormalities present in brain and spine. This surgery also includes cancer, epilepsy, trigeminal neuralgia and other malformations.

Sterotactic radiosurgery uses very minute and powerful type of radiation. In this treatment a very high dose of radiation is used. Basically this treatment was used for treating small and deep tumors of brain.  This surgery is being done for treating deep brain tumors, pituitary tumors, eye cancer, neurological problems, tumors of lungs, liver, spine, prostate, head and neck and Parkinson’s disease.

Some of these side effects can happen because radiation has caused the brain to swell. These delayed effects can include serious problems such as memory loss, stroke-like symptoms and poor brain function.

Some anti-cancer drugs can cause nerve damage. Rarely, radiotherapy may damage nerves in the treated area. This can cause symptoms such as numbness and weakness. These may develop months or years after treatment.

Hair often begins to grow back during chemotherapy treatment. For radiation therapy, hair regrowth will not begin until several months after radiation treatment is completed.Scalp hair usually grows about a half inch each month and new growth may be slightly different in texture and color.

Damage to healthy brain tissue is rare, this side effect can cause headaches and seizures temporarily.

After a radiographic, fluoroscopic, CT, ultrasound, or MRI exam, no radiation remains in your body.

Usually the patient who has got small size tumor and other candidate are those whose disease are not surgically accessible.

The effect of the surgery is seen after few weeks of the procedure.

As you recover from the treatment you won't need to go so often. Your radiotherapy team will be in touch with you to tell them about your progress. Follow up appointments give you the chance to discuss any problems or worries which may have come up.