The spine and the spinal cord pair to become one of the most important skeletal and neurological structures of the human body that undergoes a lot of severe clinical problems. Often a spine can undergo a fracture, can bend abnormally or can have a tumour. These problems require surgeries of different procedures. Some of the most common spine surgery procedures are:
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1. Artificial Spine Lumbar Disc Replacement
The artificial spine lumbar disc replacement is performed on the lumbar vertebrae of the spine which is located between the rib cage and the pelvis.
Procedure
In this surgical procedure the painful disc is replaced by a prosthetic implant that is made of metal (with or without bearing a plastic surface). It relieves back pain and at the same time maintains the normal motion of the disc.
When is it performed?
Artificial Spine Lumbar Disc Replacement is performed when the patient undergoes acute back pain in the lumbar section of the spine because of damaged or worn out spinal discs. When no other treatment works, this surgery is performed on the patient.
Cost
The cost of an artificial spine lumbar disc replacement starts from approximately USD 6,800 in India.
Patient Stay
- In the hospital: 4 days
- In India: 8 days
2. Cervical Spine Surgery
The cervical spine joins the skull to the body. Commonly we call it neck. Cervical spine surgery is done in three procedures:
- Discectomy
- Artificial cervical disc replacement
- Cervical fusion
Procedure
• Discectomy: The procedure of discectomy involves removal of the disc that is pinching the nerves in the area or is pressing the spinal cord through a small incision at the front or the back of the neck. Microdiscectomy involves a much smaller incision and the removal of the disc with the help of a microscope.
• Artificial cervical disc replacement: This process is used to close the gap that has formed after the removal of the damaged cervical disc. A prosthetic disc implant is then placed in that area so that the gap would be filled, the patient will be relieved of pain and regular motion will be maintained.
• Cervical Fusion: Cervical fusion bridges the gap between two vertebrae after the removal of the worn out disc in the cervical spine by either a bone graft, by using metal plates or by using a metal implant. If needed, the entire veretebra can also be removed and then the spine fused.
When is it performed?
Cervical spine surgery is performed when the patient experiences cervical disc disease, arthritis and acute neck pain that leads to muscle spasms in the neck and numbness in the adjoining areas.
Cost
The cost of cervical spine surgery in India starts from approximately USD 7,500.
Patient Stay
- In hospital: 5 days
- In India: 10 days
3. Lumbar Laminectomy for Spine or Spine Decompression
Lumbar laminectomy, also known as spine decompression is the procedure through which nerve impingement in the lumbar section of the spine is relieved.
Procedure
The surgical procedure of lumbar laminectomy is approached from the back. After making an incision of 2-5 inches and removing the lamina so as to see the nerve roots, the facet joints that are directly over the nerve roots are undercut or trimmed to give it more space. This gets rid off the persisting pain in the lumbar area.
When it is performed
Lumbar laminectomy is mostly done on older people. The surgery is done when the patient undergoes spinal stenosis. The spinal stenosis is caused to older people through degenerative changes that lead to enlargement of the facet joints. The enlarged facet joints exert pressure on the adjoining nerve roots resulting in pain.
Cost
The cost of lumbar laminectomy of the spine starts from approximately USD 5,500 in India.
Patient Stay
- In hospital: 5 days
- In India: 12 days
4. Minimally Invasive Spine Surgery
Unlike traditional spinal surgeries that involved long incisions and painful recovery, minimally invasive spine surgery is the newest medical innovation. By adopting the technique of minimally invasive spine surgery, now the patient experiences negligible muscle damage and a speedy recovery.
Procedure
Since the spinal nerves, vertebrae and discs are located deep inside the body, a small incision is required to reach them, moving the muscle tissues away. Guiding instruments along with microscopic video cameras are put to use during these surgeries.
When it is performed
A minimally invasive spine surgery is performed in the following cases:
- Degenerative Disc Disease
- Herniated Disc
- Lumbar Spinal Stenosis
- Scoliosis
- Spinal infections
- Spinal Instability
- Vertebral compression fractures
- Spinal tumour
Cost
The cost of minimally invasive spine surgery in India starts from approximately USD 5,400.
Patient Stay
• In hospital: 3 days
• In India: 8 days
5. Spinal Fusion
The surgical procedure of spinal fusion is implemented to join two or more vertebrae of the spine. It is also known as spondylodesis or spondylosyndesis.
Procedure
While performing a spinal fusion the surgeon uses a bone graft either from the patient or from a donor to join the adjoining vertebrae. Metallic screws, rods or cages are also used to stabilize the vertebrae and enable bone fusion.
When it is performed
A spinal fusion is performed when the patient undergoes the following conditions:
- Degenerative disc disease
- Spinal disc herniation
- Discogenic pain
- Spinal tumour
- Vertebral fracture
- Scoliosis
- Kyphosis
- Spondylolisthesis
- Spondylosis
- Posterior Rami Syndrome
Cost
The cost of spinal fusion surgery starts from approximately USD 5,000 in India.
Patient Stay
- In hospital: 4 days
- In India: 8 days
6. Spinal Decompression
Spinal decompression surgery is a term that is used to categorize the surgical procedures performed to relieve pain caused by compression of the spinal nerves.
Procedure
Spinal decompression has three types of procedures which are:
- Microdiscectomy: This procedure involves removal of a part of the disc that is exerting pressure on the nerve compressing it.
- Lumbar Laminectomy: In the surgical procedure of lumbar laminectomy the bony roof (lamina) and thick ligaments present over the spinal canal is removed so that decompression can be performed from both sides of the canal.
- Laminotomy: In laminotomy, a single side of the spinal canal is decompressed by removing a small part of the laminar roof and ligaments above the spinal canal. Most parts of the lamina is left intact in this procedure.
When it is performed
Spinal decompression is performed when the patient experiences the following:
- Spinal Stenosis
- Slipped Disc or Sciatica
- Spinal Injuries or Fracture
- Metastatic spinal cord compression
Cost
The cost of spinal decompression surgery in India starts from USD 4,400.
Patient Stay
- In hospital: 5 days
- In India: 12 days
7. Spine Tumour Surgery
Whether malignant or benign, a tumour in the spine causes a lot of problems. It can not only compress the spinal nerves but can also exert enough pressure to make spinal fractures. Surgery of spinal tumor is dependent on the type of tumour and its location in the spine.
Procedure
Spine tumour surgery involves the following procedures:
- Decompression: Used to remove the entire or part of the tumour
- Embolization: It is an interventional technique that cuts down the blood supply to the tumour and causes it to shrink.
- Kyphoplasty or vertebroplasty: These minimally invasive spine surgery procedures are used to fix the fractured vertebrae caused by the tumour.
When it is performed
A spine tumour surgery is performed when the tumour is malignant. It is also performed on benign tumours when they grow in size and effect the spine adversely.
Cost
The cost of spine tumour surgery in India starts from approximately USD 4,800.
Patient Stay
- In hospital: 4 days
- In India: 8 days
8. Spine Osteotomy
Spine Osteotomy is a surgery procedure that helps to correct spine deformities and restore balance. It is often used as a part of spinal reconstruction surgery.
Procedure
The surgical procedure involves cutting and removing the bone from a part of the vertebral segment so as to realign the spine in its proper position. There are three types of osteotomy:
- Smith-Peterson Osteotomy: Recommended to patients who require a small amount of correction that is approximately ten to twenty degrees for each level.
- Pedicle Subtraction Osteotomy: When a correction of thirty degrees is required, especially in the lumbar section, a pedicle subtraction osteotomy is performed.
- Vertebral Column Resection Osteotomy: It involves the complete removal of a single or multiple vertebral bodies.
When it is performed
A patient has to undergo spine osteotomy when he or she does not get the expected relief from medication and other non-surgical treatments. A spine deformity if left untreated may aggravate causing a lot of pain along with other symptoms. It is in these conditions that a spine osteotomy is suggested by the spine doctor or surgeon.
Cost
The cost of spine osteotomy in India starts from around USD 4,500.
Patient Stay
- In hospital: 7 days
- In India: 8 days
Cost of Other Spine Surgeries in India
With a record number of certified surgeons, successful surgeries, and the best hospitals, patients prefer India for Spine Surgery. Apart from that, patients also get affordable treatments in the country as compared to other parts of the world.
- Scoliosis Spine Surgery
- Comprehensive Myelopathy - Spinal Cord Surgery
- Spinal Endoscopic Surgery
- Spinal Instrumentation
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